Preliminary results of the current study have been published as preprint15. The dual-target RT-PCR independently targets the ORF1a/b and the sarbecovirus E genes, and assays were considered positive if at least one target returned a positive result (Ct values reflecting an inverse relationship with viral load). URSAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH, Saarbruecken, Germany is the sponsor of the clinical trial. Both descriptive and exploratory statistics were performed. was the deputy investigator. A TMPRSS2 inhibitor acts as a pan-SARS-CoV-2 prophylactic and therapeutic. Additionally, safety follow-ups were performed at 2 time-points. In addition, presence or absence of fever (38.0C) was documented daily (0=no fever, 3=fever). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-021-00847-2 (2021). Google Scholar. Wlfel, R. et al. For clarity reason, only cp/mL values of the ORF 1a/b gene are shown in the main text of the manuscript. Zapor, M. Persistent detection and infectious potential of SARS-CoV-2 virus in clinical specimens from COVID-19 patients. Google Scholar. Because N-0385 was suitable for use as a nasal spray, researchers used a mouse model that develops severe COVID-19 and gave the mice either N-0385 or control doses of saline in their noses. 8, 701709. Res. Marc, A. et al. and B.S. Klussmann, J. P. et al. Trial registration: The study was registered in the German Clinical Trial Register (DRKS-ID: DRKS00024520; Date of Registration in DRKS: 12/02/2021). Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. The nasal spray, which contains carragelose, a patented version of iota-carrageenan (a form of seaweed), has already been proven to help shorten the duration and severity of cold and flu-like. Elife 10, e69302. PubMed Identification of 14 known drugs as inhibitors of the main protease of SARS-CoV-2. Der deutsche SF-36 health survey bersetzung und psychometrische testung eines krankheitsbergreifenden instruments zur erfassung der gesundheitsbezogenen lebensqualitt. This is exemplified by the emergence of the highly immune evasive omicron variant that is resistant to many monoclonal antibodies authorized for clinical use34. Thus, a nitric oxide nasal spray was shown to reduce the viral load in adult patients with mild COVID-19 infection, and an accelerated SARS-CoV-2 clearance compared to placebo was demonstrated18. 17(2), 19. Therefore, the primary analysis for the viral loads was conducted non-parametrically. Kim, M.-C. et al. Loading Twitter content. When treated with N-0385, 70% of the mice survived and had little to no lung damage. Following sampling, swabs were placed into 3mL Virus Transport Medium (VTM, Biocomma) and delivered to the laboratory as quickly as possible. Review of azelastine nasal spray in the treatment of allergic and non-allergic rhinitis. Whereas PCR data of individual days served for daily comparisons between treatment groups, the area under the curve (AUC) value was used for the evaluation of the overall development of viral kinetics. were investigators involved in the conduct of the study. Samples were processed on the day of receipt at the central processing laboratory (Institute of Virology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany) by vortexing and aliquoting the viral transport medium and stored at80C until analysis. Pharmacother. June 10, 2022 at 2:00 pm. How nasal-spray vaccines could change the pandemic, How much virus does a person with COVID exhale? Associate Professor Peter Friedland, from UWA's Medical School, was lead author of the study In vivo . 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany, CEBINA GmbH, Karl-Farkas-Gasse 22, 1030, Vienna, Austria, Eszter Nagy,Valria Szijrt&Gbor Nagy, Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Dr.-Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Institute of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Kerpener Str. Xlear have developed and patented a xylitol containing nasal spray for the treatment of upper-respiratory tract infections. Rep. 12, 899. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04573-1 (2022). In this context, it is interesting to note that publications indicate that individuals vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 have lower viral loads and are less contagious24,25. Michel, J. et al. Thank you for visiting nature.com. Researchers have looked for ways to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection that the virus cant learn to dodge or evade by mutating. Researchers supported in part by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) have developed a nasal spray that has the potential to not only treat COVID-19 but also prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in a way that the virus cant mutate to avoid. Biochem. Mutations in spike allow the virus to evade the immune system as well as therapies designed to target it. During the treatment phase, 7 visits (V1V7) took place on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 8 and 11. Front. 16, 275282. PM, MF, DG, CS and BS are employed at URSAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC, an Internet Brands company. https://doi.org/10.6026/97320630016236 (2020). Internet Explorer). 5) Of note, these differences were not statistically significant (p=0.112). The anti-histamine azelastine, identified by computational drug repurposing, inhibits infection by major variants of SARS-CoV-2 in cell cultures and reconstituted human nasal tissue. The Ct<25 group consisted of 19 patients in the 0.1% azelastine group, 21 patients in the 0.02% azelastine group and of 17 patients in the placebo group (Fig. Konrat, R. et al. Researchers at Swansea University will begin human trials this week following a successful study suggests the 5.99 remedy, Dual Defence, could help reduce infections thanks to its special ingredient - seaweed . Negative PCR results appeared earlier and more frequently in the azelastine treated groups: being 18.52% and 21.43% in the 0.1% and 0.02% groups, respectively, compared to 0% for placebo on day 8. PubMed Central Early intervention with azelastine nasal sprays reduces viral load in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Google Scholar. R.M., S.M.S., S.A. and P.M. designed the study protocol. In addition, investigators measured body temperature during V1V7 and oxygen saturation of the blood (using a finger pulse oximeter) on V1, V3, and V5, V6 and V7. The product targets a stable site on the spike protein of the virus that is not known to mutate. Vitiello, A., Ferrara, F., Troiano, V. & La Porta, R. COVID-19 vaccines and decreased transmission of SARS-CoV-2. CAS A study led by an expert from The University of Western Australia has found a virus-killing nasal spray could be effective in reducing the spread of COVID-19. Trials underway to see if Boots cold remedy can tackle coronavirus https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.S391630 (2022). Suitable for Boots Dual Defence Nasal Spray Family Bundle - 4 x 20ml Boots Dual Defence Nasal Spray Family Bundle - 4 x 20ml 20.00 Save 3.96 Worth 23.96 when bought separately 1486004 Maximum quantity reached Add to basket Add to favourites Collect 80 Boots Advantage Card points with this purchase Product details In this bundle: Antiviral efficacy was observed at an EC50 of~6M, which is an approximately 400-fold lower concentration compared to commercially available azelastine nasal sprays. Chem. Similarly, when given 2 or 4 hours after SARS-CoV-2 had already infected the epithelium, TriSb92 was linked to a complete lack of the virus's RNA in the lungs. As expected, a continuous decrease in the mean virus load was observed in all study groups during the 11 treatment days. CAS PubMed Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. 4). Ghahremanpour et al. The most common COVID-19 symptoms (loss of sense of smell, loss of taste, fever, cough, and coryza) improved over time in all 3 treatment groups; and no statistical differences were observed between groups. PubMed Components are mixed from two chambers to create the final NO-producing formulation. ISSN 1476-4687 (online) Pharmaceutics 14, 2059. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102059 (2022). COVID-19 Get the latest information from the CDC about COVID-19. P eople who receive a Covid booster dose in the UK next month will be among the first in the world to receive Moderna's dual-variant vaccine, which protects against two strains of the virus.But . Povidone iodine mouthwash, gargle, and nasal spray to reduce nasopharyngeal viral load in patients with COVID-19: A randomized clinical trial. Virological assessment of hospitalized patients with COVID-2019. https://doi.org/10.1517/14656566.8.5.701 (2007). JAMA 325, 632644. As a sensitivity analysis based on the SARS-CoV-2 E gene PCR tended to show overall the same effects, PCR results of the E gene are shown in the supplementary material (supplementary Table S3 and S4). Absolute changes in viral copy numbers (log10 cp/mL) from baseline (day 1) over time based on the ORF 1a/b gene (ITT analysis set). Struct. ADS Emerg. Decreases of viral load were also reflected in increases of negative PCR results over time. and F.H. March 31, 2023 An antiviral therapy in early development has the potential to prevent COVID-19 infections when given as a nasal spray as little as 4 hours before exposure. were involved in data management. Reznikov, L. R. et al. WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Identification of SARS-CoV-2 entry inhibitors among already approved drugs. It would be desirable to use a validated, COVID-19 specific questionnaire in future studies, and first attempts for its development are promising32. . New methods of fast-acting COVID-19 prevention are being researched to make it safer to be in large public gatherings like sporting events or concerts. Expert Opin. Now, researchers at Swansea University will test it against Covid-19. Overall, no statistical differences between groups were determined. We acknowledge support for the Article Processing Charge from the DFG (German Research Foundation, 491454339). Comparably, differences in reduction of log10 viral load (cp/mL) in our study were0.63 (ORF 1a/b gene) comparing treatment with 0.1% azelastine to placebo. Slider with three articles shown per slide. Intern. Subgroups were analysed exploratorily (e.g., subgroups regarding gender, age, symptom severity, etc.). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04388-0 (2022). Symptoms were analyzed as single symptom scores, and as the total symptom score (TSS) reflecting the sum of all 20 single symptoms and presence/absence of fever (reaching a minimum value of 20 and maximum value of 103). Rev. Bearing in mind that viral load might be a surrogate measure of infectiousness, those results are encouraging as they indicate that azelastine may be a promising candidate for preventing the spread of this disease. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-04661-w. Read stories about the efforts underway to prevent, detect, and treat COVID-19 and its effects on our health. 00:00. We are aware that this limited the capture of COVID-19 specific issues as questions were not specifically aimed for COVID-19 patients. Antiviral Nasal Spray Shows Promise Fighting COVID-19 With the changing epidemiology of COVID-19 and its impact on our daily lives, there is still an unmet need of COVID-19 therapies treating early infections to prevent progression. Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. The researchers compared mice treated with TriSb92 before and after exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Other evidence of viral infection showed similar differences between treated and untreated mice in the protective lining of cells called the, inside the nose, nasal mucosa, and airways., : Intranasal trimeric sherpabody inhibits SARS-CoV-2 including recent immunoevasive Omicron subvariants.. During the throes of the COVID-19 pandemic, Anne Moscona didnt feel safe going to a restaurant or catching a flight. Vincenzo Messina, Riccardo Nevola, Luigi Elio Adinolfi, Kara W. Chew, Carlee Moser, Davey M. Smith, Manaf AlQahtani, Nitya Kumar, Stephen L. Atkin, V. Spagnuolo, M. Guffanti, COVID-BioB study group, Manish C. Choudhary, Kara W. Chew, for the ACTIV-2/A5401 Study Team, Emma Pritchard, Philippa C. Matthews, Koen B. Pouwels, Vineet Agarwal, A. J. Venkatakrishnan, Venky Soundararajan, Pauline Maisonnasse, Jrmie Guedj, Roger Le Grand, Scientific Reports Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. The physical and mental health summary scores of the SF-36 questionnaire improved during the course of the treatment without statistical differences between groups (data not shown). 1). The preventive application of a hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose nasal spray showed promising results in an observational survey, indicating that it may reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection rates19. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoto.2020.5490 (2021). 11, 25262533. Internet Explorer). Article The most promising compound, N-0385, virtually stopped infection in its tracks. Article It also appears to . Indeed, the majority of the study subjects carried this variant. Could a Nasal Spray of Designer Antibodies Help to Beat COVID-19? Dis. Duration of culturable SARS-CoV-2 in hospitalized patients with covid-19. The nasal sprays for COVID have been shown to surpass existing antibody treatments in engineered mice and have been effective in treating and preventing not only standard COVID-19 infections. Thus, it should be kept in mind that treatment started at a time point where the peak of viral load had probably passed. All this made her work personal: for the past decade, Moscona, a molecular virologist, had been hunting for compounds that could stop viruses in their tracks, before the pathogens infect even a single cell in a persons body. Nasal defence sprays Products such as Vicks First Defence nasal spray claim to trap and neutralise viruses in the nose before they have a chance to develop and spread. Those compounds were tested in human lung and colon cells that were then exposed to SARS-CoV-2. ADS Currently, the jury is out on their effectiveness and evidence is still limited, but it's possible they could act as a prophylactic for a short period of time. & Ware, J. Objectives: The Hungarian vaccination campaign was conducted with five different vaccines during the third wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2021. The patient status was assessed at V1V7 and at V9 by the investigators with a 11-category ordinal score proposed by the WHO11. Head Neck Surg. AB is employed at Ursatec GmbH, supplier of primary packing materials to Ursapharm. On Day 8, 5 of the 27 (18.5%) and 6 of the 28 (21.4%) patients in the 0.1% azelastine and 0.02% azelastine groups, respectively were negative for the ORF1a/b gene, compared to the 0 of 26 patients in the placebo group. To obtain 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany, You can also search for this author in Data was analysed primarily exploratively; there was no formal testing of a given hypothesis. It has been suggested that azelastine can inhibit the entry of the SARS-CoV-2 into the nasal mucosa by binding to the ACE2 receptor and also act via binding to the main protease of SARS-CoV-2 and to the host cells sigma-1 receptor, therewith facilitating both viral entry and replication-inhibiting effects6,9. C.A. To obtain About 388 participants were included in the study Importantly, the AUC analysis depicting the viral load decrease based on the detection of the ORF 1a/b gene over the 11-day treatment period showed a significantly greater reduction of virus load in the 0.1% azelastine group compared to placebo. Since azelastine has been shown to inhibit viral replication by 99.9% in Vero E6 cell culture and in reconstituted human nasal tissue cultures, it was assumed that a reduction of 3-log in virus load would be seen within 3days in actively treated patients, while no effect on virus load reduction would be seen in placebo treated patients. Google Scholar. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. Article Biophys. Topol is also editor-in-chief of Medscape, WebMD's sister site for medical professionals.
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