The stag-moose had a more deerlike snout, and was common throughout North America; antlers have been unearthed at Michigan digs. Quarry (abandoned) of Kelleys Island Lime and Transport Co - In Upper 2.5m of wall in Ferron Pt Formation shale,clay. The state of Michigan used to be covered by a warm, shallow sea and was later an unforgiving glacial landscape. 6 days ago. Huge mastodons and mammoths roamed through southern Michigan. It would not be reported to the scientific literature until a 1925 paper by Hinsdale, however. Here are the main examples. Waves on the lake move a lot of stone and push it up onto the shoreline. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Most of the hard, multicolored, and banded cobbles and boulders that the glaciers imported southward to our shores come from this section. The first evidence of the animal was unearthed in Big Bone Lick, Kentucky, a fact that needs to be mentioned for obvious reasons. Not only does it have abundant Devonian fossils, but the location is serene, gorgeous and infrequently traveled. Some of these dinosaurs, such as the Tyrannosaurus rex and the Allosaurus, are well known and well documented, while others, such as the Deinonychus, are less well known but no less impressive. There are many theories about whether or not dinosaurs ever lived in Michigan. Click the button below to get started! Several caribou fossils dating to the Pleistocene era have been uncovered in Michigan. Michigan Fossil Hunting Since shark skeletons were cartilaginous and lacked hard parts conducive to fossilization, typically only their spines and teeth remain. Can't identify a 'Hinkin's Hill' in Delta County, 2.5 km W in roadside ditch SE corner of s35t41nr19w, a few poor brachiopods and crinoid columnals, 35 km SW 13 km NE of Pt Detour in Limestone, crinoid plates,other Groos Quarry fossils. [11] Later in the decade, a third lower premolar from a Pleistocene elk was discovered in Berrien County in October, 1949. [2] As such, no Cenozoic fossils older than the Pleistocene are known from Michigan. Paleontology and geology. But the Great Lakes basin is nowhere near such an environment, so how could such a fossil be possible? The Petoskey stone also happens to be the official state stone of Michigan. These 400+ million year old fossils are plentiful in the abandoned 300-acre limestone quarry on the property. This would probably be the Sibley Quarry at 42.1640N,83.1835W. [2] Michigan was at least partly covered by seawater during the Cambrian. We call this the Wisconsin arch and the Michigan basin, said Patricia Coorough Burke, manegold curator of the geological collections at the Milwaukee Public Museum. There are a number of quarries. Also relevant was the 2002 designation of the American mastodon, Mammut americanum as the Michigan state fossil. Paleontologists have unearthed evidence of some amazing creatures - most of them long-extinct - in our state, from strange, tiny, ocean-dwelling things (coral) to monster fish (Dunkleosteus) to Ice Age megafauna (mammoths and mastodons). May be trade artifacts rather than fossils. Bothriolepis is the only known antiarch from Michigan. Paul has done fieldwork in Wisconsin, Iowa, Michigan, Nevada, Alberta, China, Australia, and New Zealand. Michigan Backyard Fossils | U-M LSA Museum of Paleontology The find was credited to L. N. Tuttle and the specimens are now catalogued as UMMP 7325. Syringoporoids:Organ pipe corals, or syringoporoid corals, are yet another extinct group of coral that can be spotted on the beach. As glaciers advanced and retreated they carved these areas into the Great Lakes and filled them as they melted. The openings for the coral polyps are much smaller than in Petoskey stones and look like a lace pattern draped over the rock. Subscribe by May21, 2023 to start with the next issue! Many fossils - Corals,a few blastoids,Crinoids rare - Megistocrinus,Gennaeocrinus,Synbathocrinus MI0018 Alpena Alpena MI Quarry (abandoned) of Thunder Bay Quarries Co Devonian Dock Street Clay Crinoids. See how many of these rocks and fossils you've spotted on the shore. This pig-like hoofed mammal - fossils of which were dug up in Ionia County in the late 19th century - was common throughout North and South America until, like so many other animals, the end of the Ice Age rendered it permanently kaput. All fossils found in the Blue Ridge Gravel Pit are of the same age. The most well-known dinosaurs found in Michigan are the tyrannosaurus rex and the velociraptor, but there are many other kinds of fossils that have been found here. In Michigan, this species of trilobite can be found in rocks Middle Devonian(393 - 382 million years ago) in age but other related species can be found from other time periods. Swimming in that same Devonian Michigan ocean were early forms of sharks, including Bradyodonti, ctenocanths, cladodontsand other things that make spellcheck go haywire. Required fields are marked *. A distant cousin of the modern elephant, the American mastodon was herbivorous, and the largest known specimens grew to more than 10 feet tall at the shoulder, and weighed 12 tons. What did Michigan look like in prehistoric times? Or 400 million years ago, for that matter? The population of organisms preserved as fossils represent a tiny fraction (5-10%) of all those that have lived in the past, with the vast majority of fossils originating from the shallow-water marine environment. The saber-toothed cat was the largest predator in North America during the Pleistocene era. Identifying the Rocks of Lake Michigan (Geode, Septarian - Owlcation Quarry between US31 and MI131 1.6km E of --Bay View between Pickerel Rd and Penn RR. [2] Brachiopods flourished and are among the most common fossils of the period in Michigan. Crystalline Sulfur and Sylvania sandstone with internal gastropod and brachiopod molds. Concrete:Concrete is a man-made product. #5. In Devonian Dundee Limestone on spoil pits of Martin-Marietta company quarry 2 km E of US523 S of Alpena Rd between Sanford and Godkins Road[?] In those same areas of Michigan, complete fossilized coral colony heads can be found in the source rocks for the Petoskey stones. The third layer overlying the bedrock consists of a superficial drift cover, laid down by glaciers moving across Canada, the Great Lakes, and the Upper Midwest. Fossils are the remains of ancient life, and can be found all over Michigan. Meet the Charlevoix stone, a Petoskey lookalike thats become a Michigan rock-hunting treasure, These prehistoric sea scorpions might rival the Petoskey stone for Michigans coolest fossil, Why Michigans gorgeous state gemstone is so rare. Your email address will not be published. This time period encompasses the entirety of dinosaurs' existence on the planet. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. There are many beautiful, but tiny, stones and fossils. Southwest Michigan has a sporadically-rocky shoreline, and you may have to walk some distance between rocky sections. Courtesy photo | Apokryltaros at English Wikipedia [GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html), CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/), CC BY 2.5 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5), GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/)], via Wikimedia Commons. Here's what they had to say about Michigan's dinosaur fossil finds: Eroding sediment kept dinosaur bones from fossilizing, however, there are some that have been discovered in the area. black petrified wood in waters around island, At Seven Point Dam (dam removed and exposure flooded by Norway Point Dam), Below Norway Point Dam (Six Mile Dam,Seven Mile Dam) in bed and banks of River, Broadwell's Sawmill on Thunder Bay river - classic Four Mile Dam Formation site worked by Rominger and Grabau - now submerged, Four Mile Dam on Thunder Bay River - regional exposures, In Shale exposure on S bank 2 km downstream from Four Mile Dam (Also known as Fletcher Dam,Three Mile Dam,Broadwell's Saw Mill), at old Wolverine Portland Cement Co quarry, pelecypods,cephalopods,ostracods,gastropods,brachiopods,a few trilobites, 3 km W IN,in ledges and bluffs along Lake Michigan shore (Type locality for Gravel Point Formation), 2 km N along Lake Michigan shore at very low water. and sported a thicker skull and longer tail than the modern muskox, which weighs between 500 and 800 lbs., and despite its smaller size, can at least brag that it's considerably less extinct than its big, fat cousin species. For more information, visit MI Backyard Fossils and Beyond Exhibits: Life Through the Ages. Michigan State Science Content Expectations Addressed: mTYd"xhyu!`rYMYENzuOo4{j*i Other dinosaurs that lived in Michigan include the Parasaurolophus, the Ankylosaurus, and the Pachycephalosaurus. They are fragments of a coral reef that was originally deposited during the Devonian period. Sucks to be us, sort of, although Michigans fossil record includes fascinating primitive creatures and early fishes from the Devonian period (419 to 359 million years ago), which gave us our official state rock, and large mammals from the Pleistocene epoch (2.6 million-11,700 years ago), which gave us our state fossil. $DG4BV*u*~InUiv$O-M7ZiBtP?9k }n!ZgzE yps*7E%3n:*oQ&Y:qLR\.(7VibZ[^,^Gi@~lso5d+ J$]#KI1GoxyR}12FoH When the glaciers dug into the deep layers of sediment where the fossils rested, the remains were released and transported to the lake basins. A million years ago? Pleistocene fossils in Michigan - Wikipedia Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Instead, minerals can seep in and solidify, eventually taking the place of organic tissue. Common fossils found here are trilobites, corals, sea lilies, and even mammoth teeth. The discs were stacked together to form a long stalk that attaches the animal to the sea floor. Visitors can explore more than 60 life-sized dinosaurs from all over the world, including a Tyrannosaurus rex and an Allosaurus. The early North American continent at that time was actually located just south of the equatorial region, with Duluth, Minnesota, near the equator (red circle below). A Guide To The Dinosaur Spots In Michigan - Outdoor Discovery Correction: A previous version of the story incorrectly stated how long ago some of the changes to the Great Lakes happened. Fossil collecting is a great way to both learn a little bit about where you live in the history of the land in the landscape, but also have fun, said Bauer. In 1953, Handley tentatively referred the rib discovered in Oscoda during the 1927 schoolhouse excavation to the genus Balaena. This interactive guide will help you identify some of the fossils you may find around Michigan with identification tips, photographs, and even 3D models for you to explore! Phyllocarids - Pseudodontichthys; Arthrodire fish plates -Protitanichthys,Paleoniscoid fish bones - Kentuckia? The Great Lakes formed only a few thousand years ago, yet they are a result of much older geologic processes. Nevertheless, such fossils are an uncommon find. Backyard Fossils, a new, user-friendly webpage at the . This era is known for its abundant paleontological finds, including dinosaurs. At end of Rockport Rd E then N from US23 14 km N of Alpena. With over 40,000 specimens, this museum has a vast variety of creatures on display. Ranging from 10,000 to 30,000 years in age, this section of loose rock reflects the last major glacial phase of the ice age.. [1] Blue-green algae remains from this age were preserved between Copper Harbor and Eagle Harbor on the shoreline of Lake Superior. At least three,perhaps five sets of whale bones from scattered locations. [4], During the Permian, sediments were being eroded away from Michigan rather than deposited. They are most noted for their five-fold symmetry. While they almost certainly roamed on Michigan territory, nobody has ever turned up a single dinosaur bone in the state. There are various other factors they analyze to fully get a glimpse of the historical context behind such fossils. Thats what were finding now, explained Crystal Czarniecki, assistant curator for the Earth Science Museum at the University of Waterloo. Michigan Rock Hunting: Seven Local Stones to Search For Usually Michigan strata of this age only preserve their bony armor and gnathal bones. YouTubes privacy policy is available here and YouTubes terms of service is available here. During the Precambrian, the Upper Peninsula was home to filamentous algae. Home A Guide To The Dinosaur Spots In Michigan. There is fascinating beach glass, metamorphic and igneous rocks transported to the lake shores from glacial activities, and fossils from prehistoric organisms. Bryozoans (moss animals) act as filter feeders that sieve food particles out of the water. There are little to no sedimentary deposits in the state for an interval spanning from the Permian to the end of the Neogene. They frequently shed their shells, so a single trilobite could leave several fossils. Scientists also collected sediment samples, which they used to help date the fossil. Sturgeon Restoration: Studying Michigans and Wisconsins current flourishing populations, Fossil Finds: Fleshy quarry fossils shed light on Wisconsins watery past, Featured image: Silurian fossil (Image courtesy of Milwaukee Public Museum), The Great Lakes region wasnt always the freshwater realm we know today: rewind to a couple centuries ago and it was actually covered in tropical seawater.. From the Permian period (299-252 million years ago) to the end of the Neogene (23-2.6 million years ago), erosion was occurring and no sediments were deposited locally, leaving behind no rocks or fossils. You can email us at Paleo-Museum@umich.edu with a description and pictures of your find. Rockport is a 4,237-acre state park located along the shore of Lake Huron in Alpena and Presque Isle counties in Michigan. many plants,brachiopods,gastropods,cephalopods,a few trilobites and ostracods,a few fish. This is a time period that predates the reign of dinosaurs by about 100 million years. [4] Ptyctodus is a representative example of a Michiganian ptyctodont. Michigan is a hot spot for fossils and wandering upon one in your backyard or near a local river is more common than you might think. Paleontologists have debated whether hunting by Paleo-humans or climate change was the biggest factor in the disappearance of many megafauna at the end of the Ice Age; its likely a combination of the two. During the Silurian period, there were still elevation changes occurring, so Michigan was in a bit of a basin, and water was deeper there. The Petoskey stone, which is made of fossil coral, is the state stone of Michigan. However, the continents dont experience rapid change, having moved very slowly to their current locations, at a rate of a few inches per year. The fossils are of a primitive, filament-like relative of algae. In Michigan, we have very weathered rocks along our shoreline. Michigan Farmer Digs Up Woolly Mammoth Bones in Field - History [6], Sharks swam over Michigan during the Devonian. Did we mention Michigan was once covered in ancient seas? The species, adapted to colder climates, followed glacial retreat north to avoid extinctionat the end of the Ice Age. These corals are called colonial rugose corals and lived in the Devonian Period. Ancient Life of the Great Lakes Basin - University of Michigan Press The recently launched MI Backyard Fossils guides users through categories of fossils commonly found in Michigan thanks to the state's unique geological history. These three dinosaurs are all known for their large size and impressive horns, which made them some of the most fearsome creatures to ever live. Courtesy photo | LadyofHats [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons. The rugose coral, which fed on small organisms by capturing them with tentacles, has been extinct for 250 million years. Blastoids are extinct echinoderms related to crinoids; they're less common, and differentiated by a star-shaped head. Disclaimer! [2] Xenacanth fossils are known from such deposits. Fossils of these organisms are found embedded in shales or dolomite rock rather than as single fossil segments. Follow us on Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, and Mastodon. Courtesy photo |LadyofHats [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons. Michigan's coolest rocks and where to find them - Detroit Free Press If you are sending pictures, including an item for scale like a ruler or a quarter is very helpful. Nope, thats not a shell. area exposures and shale pits Pennsylvanian Plants, 3 trilobites,3 graptolites,4 brachiopods,1 cephalopod, 1.2 km S in rock pile of Mackinac Breccia, 2 km NE in cliff on N side of Cheesman Rd, In area mines material used for cutting and polished, 1 km E in roadside exposure in s12t38nr25w, In dolomite outcrops. Contact us with your stories, feedback, and ideas. These corals resemble cow horns with a wide head and very narrow bottom and are characterized by external growth bands much like tree rings. It grew as large as 20 ft. long and weighed up to a ton - about the size of a great white shark - and is characterized as a hypercarnivorous apex predator, able to use its beaklike mouth to chomp through other armored fish, arthropods and mollusks. With over 40,000 specimens, this museum has a vast variety of creatures on display. They didn't quite resemble the killing machines we recognize from our nightmares, the Discovery Channel or being flung from tornadoes; they more closely resembledthe modern frilled shark, a serpentine thing that's more of a David Lynch horror than a Steven Spielberg one. comes the woodland muskox, common to the Midwest before the big Pleistocene extinction wiped them out. Therefore, the flat-headed peccary, being fauna of the non-mega- variety, is pretty much only exciting for zoological and paleontological hair-splitters. [4], A significant proportion of Michigan's Devonian fish were placoderms. If you LOVE Michigan fossil hunting, Rockport State Park Recreational Area is your dream location. SE part of t35nr5e, In dump pile of Michigan Limestone Co Quarry, adjacent to county road on W shore 800 meters N of county line, 16 km SE on US23 W of Trout Creek s15t34nr6e. - Genus with the most fossils: Meleagris (2 fossils) - Time period with the most fossils: Late Pleistocene (6 fossils) Eroding sediment kept dinosaur bones from fossilizing however, there are some that have been discovered in the area. This piece was eroded and polished by the surf and sand and can be difficult to tell apart from a conglomerate, a sedimentary rock. Covered by housing - Fossils were collected from Limestone blocks fallen from banks. 5Ij:yF&1TdRoq>uYbqh_~hxLF.OfYeWdBt~cV%r!Zo`RQ m(v`XH-q@ydX)D.ru' *\_f?D=L4`_lF-dS.(Q ^6BE<3 12 steps to bake ice hockey skates, How to bake new ice skates? [5] Contemporary vegetation was preserved in the Midland and Saginaw regions. The stems, composed of discs, usually are broken into cheerio-like segments that are the most common find. [10], Among Michigan's early significant fossil finds was the 1839 discovery of the state's first scientifically documented American mastodon remains. [4] Gastropod fossils persisted until the end of the Mississippian. CincinnatiMuseum of Natural History and Science. Courtesy photo |Ghedoghedo [Public domain, GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html) or CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons. What type of fossil do you think you found? Trilobites would become more common in Michigan as the Paleozoic progressed. Yet nearly 12,000 years ago it was home to very different kinds of animals and flora. When you think of Michigan or Illinois, you imagine cold and snow, but it wasnt always that way. Here's a collection of some of the biggest, strangest and most fascinating creatures ever to leave their bones embedded in the earth or preserved in the rock here in Michigan. Like other limestone, fossiliferous limestone is composed of the mineral calcite. Crinoids:Crinoid fossils look like small discs with holes in their centers, like Cheerios. Courtesy photo |The Children's Museum of Indianapolis [CC BY-SA 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0)], via Wikimedia Commons. Thats why many of the fossils found in the area today are portions of coral reefs and ancient sea creatures. [15] 1930 saw Hussey publish the first scientific paper on the Michiganian whale fossils curated by the University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology. Identifying Fossils on the Great Lakes Shores, rocks and minerals found on Great Lakes beaches, Beachcombing MagazineJuly/August 2021 issue, 2021 Sanibel Shell Show Photo Contest Winners, Beachcombing Clearance - Back Issues and Seconds. Michigan is home to a reasonably rich fossil record, as long as you're not a fan of dinosaurs. This Is How Many Dinosaur Fossils Have Been Found In Michigan From the Basically the Same but Slightly Bigger Than the Modern Animal Dept. Lower Rockport Quarry Limestone is not fossiliferous. Honeycomb Corals:Honeycomb corals are another type of extinct coral called favositid corals. Anthacodian fish courtesy photo |Mesacanthus_Parexus_Ischnacanthus.JPG: User:Apokryltaros derivative work: Haplochromis [CC BY 2.5 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5), CC-BY-SA-3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) or GFDL (http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html)], via Wikimedia Commons. The preservation of fossils in Michigan resumed when the last glaciers withdrew from the state. One type of fossil this museum collects is brachiopods, which are clam-like creatures with two shells. All images are used by permission and are the property of their respective owners. Meet Michigan's most bizarre prehistoric creatures - mlive.com The lowest layer, which geologists informally call the basement, is metamorphic rock billions of years old. You can explore their Mazon Creek fossil invertebrates at their website. Mammoth fossils have been unearthed throughout Michigan - less frequently than the mastodon, which makes their discovery pretty spectacular, e.g., this massive skull and other bones unearthed on a Chelsea farm in 2015. Because of the diverse array of treasures that wash up along these shores, beachcombing is a favorite occupation of many folks. Oldest Fossil Found in Michigan Photograph of a specimen from Negaunee The Negaunee Iron formation near Palmer in the Northern Peninsula is the home of the oldest megascopic (visible to the eye) fossil -- in the world. [20] The remains are now catalogued as UMMP 49425.[21]. It was once more like the Bahamas or Brazilnice and tropical. Bigger vertebrates have been found in some parts of Kansas, such as the official state fossil - Tylosaurus, a hefty, predatory, marine reptile similar to a monitor lizard or a snake. Going through that process gives you a little bit more ownership of what you possess, what you found, which I think is very powerful.. This rock is exposed in the Adirondacks, the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, and across much of Canada. Among which were fossils likely attributable to the tree Callixylon. Visit your Account Page to update your address, renewal, and payment info. Prehistoric Animals of Michigan - ThoughtCo Glaciers most recently covered Michigan millions of years ago. As a living organism, they were often draped over a rock in a lace pattern. Also in 1962, Skeels reported that since MacAlpin's 1940 review of Michigan mastodon discoveries 49 new finds had been made. News and offers from Beachcombing Magazine. Dinosaur Exhibit At The Michigan Science Center the slightly larger-than-normal moose, the stag-moose stood about six feet tall at the shoulder and weighed 1,500 lbs., slightly larger thanthe not-as-mega moose we see today. [10] History [ edit] At the Detroit Zoo, visitors can explore exhibits featuring close to 150 species of animals, including a life-sized replica of a saber-toothed tiger. Community Rules apply to all content you upload or otherwise submit to this site. The zoo is open from 9am to 5pm from April through October, and 9am to 4pm from November through March. Follow the link below to see examples of sea lilies found in Michigan. Dinosaur footprints can be found throughout Michigan, and with good reason. They even have some unique jellyfish impressions here, along with sand that contains arthropod footprints. And, as you headed west towards Wisconsin, the land started to arch up. There are over 150 different species of dinosaurs that have been found in Michigan. [1], The ensuing Triassic period of the Mesozoic era is missing from the state's rock record for the same reason as the Permian. beaver with six-inch incisors is not a thing from a Syfy channel original. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Fossil Finds: Great Lakes coral and sea life remnants say much about its past and future, Check out some cool fossils at these museums, Check out the largest collection of Mazon Creek fossils at this museum. In 2017, researchers from the University of Michigan discovered 40 additional bones and bone fragments at the same site, including parts of the animal's skull. Ranging from pebble-sized rocks to large boulders, and rounded by wave erosion, these colorful rocks with a variety of banding textures and mineral accumulations can be found on Great Lakes beaches. Sea lilies, known as crinoids or blastoids, lived attached to the seafloors of ancient Michigan. Join. By the time about 2,000 years had elapsed, pine trees became the dominant members composing Michigan's forest. With no dinosaurs in our states fossil record, Dunkleosteus is easily the scariest top-of-the-food-chain beast ever to leave evidence of its existence in Michigan. Among these are lightly metamorphosed sedimentary rocks that contain some of the oldest fossil evidence of complex life, including filamentous algae.. Slag:Slag is often black, shiny, and sometimes almost iridescent. PDF Oldest Fossil Found in Michigan [9] The most common mammals in Michigan's Pleistocene fossil record were caribou, elk, Jefferson mammoths, American mastodons, and woodland muskoxen. They can be found from Alpena, Michigan, to Buffalo, New York, along the Michigan side of Lake Huron and all along through Lakes Erie and Ontario, mostly found embedded in shale slabs between layers of the rock on the shoreline. WoTK! [7] Fossil lungfish burrows are another interesting find from the Pennsylvanian coal swamp deposits near Grand Ledge in Clinton County but these tend to be poorly preserved. Wasnt it many more years than 200? Paul is responsible for managing and caring for 2 million fossil invertebrate specimens. Mollusks Euomphalus,Pleurotomaria,Tentaculites. In prehistoric times, Michigan was home to dinosaurs. Milwaukee Public Museum fossil reef exhibit (Image courtesy of Milwaukee Public Museum). BlueRidgeEsker - Michigan Technological University So instead, well cover some of the more common fossil finds by Great Lake beachcombers. Granite:Granite is an igneous rock that formed deep underground and is abundant in northern Wisconsin, the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, and Ontario. [11] Later in the 19th century was the 1877 discovery of five Pleistocene peccaries (Platygonus compressus) in an Ionia County peat bog located near the town of Belding. Wikisource has original works on the topic: University of Michigan Exhibit Museum of Natural History, "Recent discoveries of fossil vertebrates in the lower Peninsula of Michigan", Paleontology in the United States#Michigan, "It's Real Life CSI for Dinosaur Detectives", University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paleontology_in_Michigan&oldid=1150908037, Paleontology in the United States by state, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2014, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0.